Transportation mode is the tool to provide people and freight with mobilities. Transportation mode is the heart of transportation network design. Different types of transportation modes give different working outcomes. In allusion to the situation for different countries, governments should promote to corresponding mode. However, the two basic transportation mode types are land and air.
Land transportation mode mainly has road transportation and rail transportation. Road infrastructures are large consumers of space with the lowest level of physical constraints among transportation modes. However, physical constraints are significant in road construction with substantial additional costs to overcome features such as rivers or rugged terrain. Railways are composed of traced paths on which are bound vehicles. They have an average level of physical constrains linked to the types of locomotives and a low gradient is required, particularly for freight.
Air transportation is the main transportation mode of air. Air routes are practically unlimited. Air transport constraints are multidimensional and include the site the climate, fog and aerial currents. Air activities are linked to the tertiary and quaternary sectors, notably finance and tourism, which lean on the long distance mobility of people. More recently, air transportation has been accommodating growing quantities of high value freight and is playing a growing role in global logistics.
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